The Fifth Edition of the Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) is a result of the collective
efforts of the many members, past and present, of the Committee on Food Chemicals
Codex over the past 42 years. The current committee, whose members have brought
all these efforts to fruition with this edition, was appointed following a request from
the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to continue this activity. The charge
to the committee states that ‘‘the committee shall (1) provide information on matters
related to the purity of food ingredients used in the United States and shall be
knowledgeable of the purity of food ingredients used in other countries; (2) provide
information on food-grade specifications for food additives, GRAS [generally recognized
as safe] substances, and any other food substances used as ingredients; and (3)
publish specification monographs in a Fifth Edition of the Food Chemicals Codex.
To provide such information, the committee shall review proposals from industry,
government, and any other source.’’
The FCC project, currently under the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of
Medicine of the National Academies, began in 1961, soon after the passage of the
1958 Food Additives Amendment to the federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Although the FDA had, by regulations and informal statements, defined in general
terms the quality requirements for GRAS and other food chemicals, these requirements
were not sufficiently specific to serve as release, procurement, and acceptance specifications
for manufacturers and users of food chemicals. Therefore, regulators and
other interested parties believed that the publication of a book of standards designed
especially for food chemicals would promote uniformity of quality and added assurance
of safety for such chemicals. For these reasons, the Food Protection Committee
of the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council received requests
in 1958 from its Industry Liaison Panel and other sources to undertake a project to
produce a Food Chemicals Codex comparable in many respects to the United States
Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary for drugs. As a result of these requests,
representatives of industry and government agencies agreed that there was a definite
need for such a Codex and that the Food Protection Committee was a suitable body
to undertake the project.
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