The field of study now called biochemistry resulted from the discovery of amylase (diastase)
in saliva by Payen in 1833. Basic research on metabolic pathways such as the
Krebs (tricarboxylic acid) cycle progressed rapidly. The huge amount of biochemical
data derived from experiments using novel biotechnological techniques, e.g. isotope
labeling, contributed to the discovery of various metabolic pathways. With the discovery
of reverse transcriptase in 1970 came the “Big Bang” of modern biochemistry,
leading to the split evolution of molecular biology and cell biology. Two decades later,
these subjects reunited to become biochemistry, resulting in the field of regenerative
medicine involving induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Using iPSC techniques, cells
originating from another tissue can be formatted and regenerated to target cell membranes
or the same organ. The resulting regenerative cells or organ can be transplanted
to the damaged organ. Thus, patients can be treated using their own cells.
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