SECTION A: Chemical Basis of Life
1. Biochemical Perspective to Medicine 3
Biomolecules 4; Study of metabolic processes 5; Stabilizing forces in molecules 5; Water: the universal solvent 6;
Principles of thermodynamics 7; Donnan membrane equilibrium 8
2. Subcellular Organelles and Cell Membranes 10
Subcellular organelles 10; Nucleus 10; Endoplasmic reticulum 11; Golgi apparatus 12; Lysosomes 12; Peroxisomes 13;
Mitochondria 13; Plasma membrane 14; Specialized membrane structures 16; Transport mechanisms 17
3. Amino Acids: Structure and Properties 24
Classification of amino acids 24; Properties of amino acids 27;
General reactions of amino acids 29; Peptide bond formation 31
4. Proteins: Structure and Function 33
Structure of proteins 34; Study of protein structure 39; Physical properties of proteins 41;
Precipitation reactions of proteins 41; Classification of proteins 42; Quantitative estimation 44
5. Enzymology: General Concepts and Enzyme Kinetics 47
Classification of enzymes 48; Co-enzymes 49; Mode of action of enzymes 51; Michaelis-Menten theory 53; Fischer's template theory 53;
Koshland's induced fit theory 53; Active site or active center of enzyme 54; Thermodynamic considerations 54; Enzyme kinetics 55;
Factors influencing enzyme activity 56; Specificity of enzymes 65; Iso-enzymes 66
6. Chemistry of Carbohydrates 69
Nomenclature 69; Stereoisomers 70; Reactions of monosaccharides 73; Disaccharides 76; Polysaccharides 78;
Heteroglycans 79; Mucopolysaccharides 80; Glycoproteins and mucoproteins 81
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