CPSC-CH-E1002-08.1(2010.06.21)修订非金属儿童产品中总铅含量的标准操作程序Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Non-Metal Children’s Products, Revised*
This document provides detailed information on the test method that will be used by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission’s testing laboratory (LSC) in the analysis of non-metal children’s products for lead (Pb) content. This method is divided into three sections. The first section describes how to digest samples to determine the total lead content in crystal, ceramic, and other siliceous materials. The second section describes how to digest samples to determine the total lead content in polymeric (including natural and synthetic polymers) or plastic materials, and contains a subsection on the use of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) for determination of lead in such polymeric materials. The third section describes how to analyze the digested samples from the first two sections.
The method applies to most non-metal components other than paint, but is not recommended by CPSC staff for materials that when combined with the specified acid(s) result in an inappropriate combination of materials that would be inconsistent with safe laboratory practices. In such cases, the chemist should make a knowledge based decision on the proper modifications of the method to maintain laboratory safety while following the general approach described here.
The general approach is to grind or cut any accessible component part of a sample into small pieces or a powder; digest an aliquot completely in nitric acid or – for siliceous products – in a combination of hot, concentrated nitric and hydrofluoric acids; and analyze by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Other analytical methods such as Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FLAA), and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GFAA) may be used under appropriate conditions as an alternative to ICP-OES using applicable, recognized analytical techniques for the alternative analytical method. Polymeric materials may also be analyzed using XRF following the standard test method of ASTM F 2617-081, with limitations as described below.
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