液质联用在法医中的应用
Recent Applications of LC–MS in Forensic Science
The term “forensic science” covers those professions that are
involved in the application of the social and physical sciences to
the criminal justice system.
Forensic experts are obliged to explain the smallest details of
the methods used, to substantiate the choice of the applied
technique and to give their unbiased conclusions. The final
result of the work of the forensic scientist, the expert evidence,
exerts a direct influence on the fate of a given individual. This
burden is a most important stimulus and one that determines
the way of thinking and acting in forensic sciences.
Consequently, the methods applied in forensic laboratories
should assure a very high level of reliability and must be
subjected to extensive quality assurance and rigid quality
control programmes.1
Legal systems are based on the belief that the legal process
results in justice — a belief that has come under some question
in recent years. Of course, the forensic scientist cannot change
scepticism and mistrust single-handedly. He or she can,
however, contribute to restoring faith in the judicial processes
by using science and technology in the search for facts in civil,
criminal and regulatory matters.
The ability of mass spectrometry (MS) to extract chemical
fingerprints from microscopic levels of analyte is invaluable in
this quest, enabling the legally defensible identification and
quantification of a wide range of compounds.
Recent years have seen the development of powerful
technologies that have provided forensic scientists with new
analytical capabilities, which were unimaginable only a few
years ago. Gas chromatography (GC)–MS, liquid
chromatography (LC)–MS, isotope ratio MS and inductively
coupled plasma-MS have become routine tools to enable
detection and characterization of minute quantities in what can
often be very complex matrices.
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