气质联用培训班讲义（农业部质检中心）

仪器资料 · 发表于 2019-3-18 10:05:05

本帖最后由凤舞九天于 2019-3-18 17:00 编辑

气质联用培训班讲义（农业部质检中心）

目录
一、质谱法概述...............................................................................................................................1
二、质谱仪......................................................................................................................................2
1．质谱仪的简介.............................................................................................................................2
2．仪器构造....................................................................................................................................2
2.1 进样系统....................................................................................................................................2
（1）色谱进样................................................................................................................................2
（2）其他进样系统.........................................................................................................................2
2.2 离子源........................................................................................................................................3
（1）电子轰击离子源（EI）.........................................................................................................3
（2）化学电离源（CI）.................................................................................................................4
2.3 质量分析器...............................................................................................................................7
（1）四极杆分析器（quadrupole mass filter） .............................................................................7
（2）离子阱(ion trap)......................................................................................................................8
2.4 真空系统...................................................................................................................................9
2.5 主要质谱仪分类.........................................................................................................................9
3．基本参数..................................................................................................................................11
4．离子的断裂规律.......................................................................................................................12
4.1 质谱图与质谱表.......................................................................................................................12
4.2 主要离子峰的类型...................................................................................................................13
（1）分子离子峰...........................................................................................................................13
（2）准分子离子峰.......................................................................................................................14
（3）碎片离子峰...........................................................................................................................14
（4）重排离子峰...........................................................................................................................14
（5）亚稳离子峰...........................................................................................................................14
（6）同位素离子峰.......................................................................................................................15
（7）多电荷离子...........................................................................................................................15
4.3 分子离子的确认......................................................................................................................15
4.4 碎片离子和假分子离子..........................................................................................................17
4.5 应用实例.................................................................................................................................17
4.6 主要有机物的断裂规律（产生分子离子、碎片离子等的方式） .......................................18
三、气质联用仪.............................................................................................................................21
1．气质联用仪的特点...................................................................................................................21
2．计算机及软件的应用...............................................................................................................26
附录：12 种农药EI 标准谱图......................................................................................................30