《Biology：Concepts and Investigations》3rd Mari；Hoefnagels著
这本书最新版的是2017年的，需要的人可以去amazon网站去购买
Vision and Change in Undergraduate Biology Education: A Call
to Action encourages instructors to improve student engagement
and learning in introductory biology courses. The central idea
of the Vision and Change report is that we need to turn away
from teaching methods that reward students who memorize and
regurgitate superficial knowledge. Instead, we need to emphasize
deeper learning that requires students to understand and
apply course content. This idea is precisely what I have tried to
achieve since I started teaching at the University of Oklahoma
in 1997, and it has been a guiding principle in the creation of
my books and digital material as well.
As you examine this new edition and its supplements, I
hope you will see an emphasis on connections and the “big picture.”
In addition to new features like chapter summary figures,
integrated media icons, SmartBook™, and tutorial animations,
we’ve updated and improved many features present in the last
edition, including chapter opening essays, Investigating Life
sections, boxed readings, and multiple choice and open-ended
questions. Every chapter also has a study tip, so students learn
to master the skills they need to be successful in biology and
every other class.
I agree with the Vision and Change report’s call for instructors
to embrace active learning techniques, but I also believe
that one set of tools and techniques does not work in every
classroom. For that reason, my team and I are proud to create
a package that gives you the flexibility to teach introductory
biology in a way that works best for you. Pages viii–xiii illustrate
the features and resources for this edition that can help you
meet your teaching goals.
I hope that you and your students enjoy this text and that it
helps cultivate an understanding of, and deep appreciation for,
biology.
1 | The Scientific
Study of Lifea•… 2
1.1 What Is Life?a•… 4
A. Life Is Organizeda•… 4
B. Life Requires Energya•… 6
C. Life Maintains Internal Constancya•… 6
D. Life Reproduces Itself, Grows, and Developsa•… 7
E. Life Evolvesa•… 7
1.2 The Tree of Life Includes Three Main Branchesa•… 9
1.3 Scientists Study the Natural Worlda•… 10
A. The Scientific Method Has Multiple Interrelated
Partsa•… 10
B. An Experimental Design Is a Careful Plana•… 11
C. Theories Are Comprehensive Explanationsa•… 12
D. Scientific Inquiry Has Limitationsa•… 13
E. Biology Continues to Advancea•… 14
1.4 Investigating Life: The Orchid and the Motha•… 15
2 | The Chemistry of LIfea•… 18
2.1 Atoms Make Up All Mattera•… 20
A. Elements Are Fundamental Types of Mattera•… 20
B. Atoms Are Particles of Elementsa•… 20
C. Isotopes Have Different Numbers of Neutronsa•… 21
2.2 Chemical Bonds Link Atomsa•… 22
A. Electrons Determine Bondinga•… 22
B. In an Ionic Bond, One Atom Transfers Electrons to
Another Atoma•… 23
C. In a Covalent Bond, Atoms Share Electronsa•… 24
D. Partial Charges on Polar Molecules Create Hydrogen
Bondsa•… 25
2.3 Water Is Essential to Lifea•… 26
A. Water Is Cohesive and Adhesivea•… 26
B. Many Substances Dissolve in Watera•26
C. Water Regulates Temperaturea•… 27
D. Water Expands as It Freezesa•… 27
E. Water Participates in Life’s Chemical Reactionsa•… 28
2.4 Organisms Balance Acids and Basesa•… 28
A. The pH Scale Expresses Acidity or Alkalinitya•… 29
B. Buffers Regulate pH in Organismsa•… 29
2.5 Organic Molecules Generate Life’s Form and
Functiona•… 30
A. Large Organic Molecules Are Composed of Smaller
Subunitsa•… 30
B. Carbohydrates Include Simple Sugars and
Polysaccharidesa•… 31
C. Proteins Are Complex and Highly Versatilea•… 32
D. Nucleic Acids Store and Transmit Genetic
Informationa•… 34
E. Lipids Are Hydrophobic and Energy-Richa•… 36
2.6 Investigating Life: Infected Insects Go Greena•… 41
3 | Cellsa•… 44
3.1 Cells Are the Units of Lifea•… 46
A. Simple Lenses Revealed the Cellular Basis
of Lifea•… 46
B. The Cell Theory Emergesa•… 46
C. Microscopes Magnify Cell Structuresa•… 47
D. All Cells Have Features in Commona•… 49
3.2 Different Cell Types Characterize Life’s Three
Domainsa•… 50
A. Domain Bacteria Contains Earth’s Most Abundant
Organismsa•… 50
B. Domain Archaea Includes Prokaryotes with Unique
Biochemistrya•… 51
C. Domain Eukarya Contains Organisms with Complex
Cellsa•… 52
3.3 A Membrane Separates Each Cell from Its
Surroundingsa•… 54
3.4 Eukaryotic Organelles Divide Labora•… 56
A. The Nucleus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, and Golgi
Interact to Secrete Substancesa•… 57
B. Lysosomes, Vacuoles, and Peroxisomes Are Cellular
Digestion Centersa•… 59
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